Friday, January 14, 2011

EWURA NA TANESCO MSITUFANYE WATANZANIA WAJINGA.

Na: Aloyce.J.Kalunde
Mamlaka ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Nishati na Maji (EWURA) imetangaza kuruhusu Shirika la umeme nchini TANESCO kupandisha gharama za umeme kwa asilimia 18.5 kuanzia Januari 2011 na kweli imekuwa hivyo.
Katika kuhalalisha ongezeko hilo, EWURA wamesema kuwa TANESCO walikuwa wameomba kupandisha gharama za umeme kwa asilimia 34.6 kuanzia Januari mwakani lakini wao EWURA baada ya kufanya upembuzi yakinifu kuhusiana na maombi hayo wameamua kuwaruhusu TANESCO kupandisha umeme kwa hizo asilimia 18.5 tu ikiwa ni zaidi kidogo ya nusu ya kile walichokuwa wameomba TANESCO.
Tukumbuke kuwa miaka mitatu iliyopita TANESCO pia iliwasilisha maombi EWURA kutaka kuruhusiwa kupandisha gharama za umeme kwa 40% lakini mamlaka hiyo baada upembuzi yakinifu mwingine iliiruhusu TANESCO kupandisha umeme kwa asilimia 21.7 ambayo pia ni zaidi kidogo ya nusu ya kile walichoomba TANESCO.
Haingii akilini wateja kuanza kukamuliwa ongezeko la gharama la asilimia 18.5 huku ukosefu wa nishati hiyo muhimu ukiwaathiri kwenye shughuli zao za kujitafutia kipato. Huku ni sawa na kutaka kumkamua ng’ombe kilasiku bila kumpa majani.
Katika hotuba yake ya kufunga mwaka, Rais Jakaya Kikwete aliwasihi Watanzania kukubaliana na ongezeko hilo la gharama za umeme kutokana na gharama kubwa zinazoikabili TANESCO katika kuzalisha nishati hiyo muhimu.
Rais Kikwete pia alitetea upandaji huo wa gharama za umeme kwa asilimia 18.5 kwa maelezo kuwa ulikuwa umepita muda mrefu, miaka minne, tokea TANESCO wapandishe gharama za umeme kwa mara ya mwisho. Swali langu ni je, ipite miaka mingapi tena gharama za umeme zipande kufikia kiasi gani? Kwa sababu rais kadhihilisha ili yawe maisha bora kwa kila mtanzania.
Je, Serikali iko tayari kuwachukulia hatua watendaji wake wote ambao kwa namna moja ama nyingine wameshiriki kuiingiza TANESCO, na Watanzania, kwenye mikataba ya giza?
Miktaba inayolikamua taifa kuanzia IPTL hadi sasa ambapo mwaka huu tunauanza kwa balaa la kutakiwa kulipa watu hao shilingi Bilioni 185 licha ya kwamba hawajatuuzia chochote!
Kwa hakika ni kejeli, watawala wetu wanapodai kuwa haya ni “maisha bora kwa kila Mtanzania” wakati shirika la kusambaza umeme la taifa linalazimika kumkamua mwananchi zaidi ya shilingi milioni mbili pale anapotaka kuingiza umeme kwenye kibanda chake panapohitajika nguzo moja tu, kwa vile tu Shirika linahitaji hela hizo sio kwa ajili ya kuboresha huduma zake bali kwa ajili ya kulipa madeni!
Inashangaza jinsi wataalamu wetu wanavyotetea kupanda kwa gharama za umeme za hapa nyumbani kwa kujilinganisha na nchi nyingine zilizopo kwenye ukanda wetu wa Afrika Mashariki bila kutufahamisha kuhusu tofauti kubwa iliyopo kati ya uchumi wetu na ule wa nchi hizo.
Ni kitu cha ajabu sana kwamba kwa kipindi cha zaidi ya miaka 15 kuanzia pale tulipoanza kuhangaika upungufu wa nishati ya umeme bado watawala wetu wameshindwa kupata ufumbuzi wa kudumu wa tatizo hilo linaloumiza uchumi wa nchi na wa wananchi wake.
Kwa hakika ni kichekesho cha aina yake ambacho kinawezekana Tanzania tu cha kulipa mabilioni ya fedha zetu za ngama kwa makampuni hewa ya kufua umeme hewa ambayo yanamilikiwa na wamiliki hewa huku tukiendelea kuwa gizani!
Jambo la ajabu zaidi ni kwamba wakati watawala wetu wanadai kwamba nchi yetu haina uwezo wala fedha kwa ajili ya kutoa elimu ya bure kwa watoto wetu, bado nchi ina uwezo wa kulipa mabilioni ya shilingi kwa makampuni hewa kwa ajili ya kununua giza letu wenyewe!
Serikali pia hung’aka kwa kauli kali na za vitisho linapokuja suala la kuongeza mishahara ya wafanyakazi wake na malipo mbali mbali ambayo yangeweza kuwapa unafuu wa maisha wananchi wake kama vile yale ya wastaafu wa iliyokuwa jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki na kati, na wahdhili wa chuo kikuu cha Dodoma, ukali huo hutoweka pale linapokuja suala la kulipa makampuni yaliyotuuzia umeme hewa.
Nchi hii imejawa na makaa ya mawe mengi tu kwa mfano; Kiwira-Mbeya, gesi pia kusini mwa tanzania ipo ya kutosha kabisa, lakini cha ajabu tumeruhusu watu wamejimilikisha kwa bei waipendayo wao na kuzalisha pato lisilo na mchango wowote hapa nchini. Kwanini tusiwataifishe na kuanza kuchimba makaa ya mawe na gesi kwa kuzalisha nishati yetu hapa nchini? Au kama inashindikana basi serikali iibinafsishe TANESCO.
Maisha ya watanzania yanazidi kuwa mabovu kila kukicha afadhali ya Jana, hii ni kwasababu unapopandisha umeme unavifanya viwanda vizalishe kwa garama ya juu. mafuta ya petrol,diesel, na ya taa vile vile yatapanda bei, usafiri lazima bei iende juu, vyakula navyo  vitapanda bei maana vinahitaji kusafilishwa toka vijijini (mashambani) kuingia mitini. Je, haya ndiyo maisha bora kwa kila mtanzania?
            Maoni yangu ni kwamba, ifike pahala tuchachamae sasa, tuseme hapana. Hivi tujiulize, ni kesi gani serikali yetu ya Tanzania ilishasimamia kesi na kushinda? Jibu litakuja ni hapana. Na je, kama kweli wamiliki wa dowans ni halali kwanini walikuwa hawajulikani? Jamani, hizo bilioni 185 zingetosha kulipia wanafunzi wote vyuo vikuu vyote (30) hapa nchini kila mwanafunzi akapata 100% kwa miaka yote mitatu kuliko ilivyo hivisasa.
            Mwisho mimi kama raia wa hii nchi (victim) nasema hivi, waziri Ngeleja kwa namna moja au nyingine zaidi Mafisadi wamekutuma kuutangazia uma uongo, tambua kuwa umejishushia heshima kwa watanzania. Imani juu yako sasa haipo tena, unapaswa kujiuzulu kwa maslahi ya Taifa. Wamiliki wa DOWANS wanafahamika kwa mujibu wa spika mstaafu, mheshimiwa sana Samwel Sita, na wamekithili kwa ufisadi. Hizo pesa kulipwa ni hadi wafilisiwe wote waliohusika katika hiyo mikataba zikitosha deni ndipo zitumike kulipa.

Friday, January 7, 2011

IGP Mwema akiri Polisi wake kuua kwa risasi Arusha

Na Aloyce Kalunde.
Polisi wamewaua watu wawili kwa kuwapiga risasi na kuwajeruhi wengine tisa, katika harakati za kudhibiti maandamano ya amani yaliyofanywa na wafuasi wa Chadema juzi mkoani Arusha.
Kamanda wa polisi mkoa wa Arusha, Thobias Andegenye jana aliwataja waliouawa katika tukio hilo kuwa ni Denis Michael Shirima (25) ambaye ni mmiliki wa gereji ya magari katika eneo la Sakina na George Mwita Waitara (24), mkazi wa Sakina mkoani humo.
Hata hivyo habari ambazo Mwananchi lilizipata zinasema kuwa watu waliouwawa katika vurugu hizo ni watatu, kufuatia kifo cha mtu aliyetajwa kwa jina la Ismail Omar.
“Watu hawa waliuawa kwa kupigwa risasi katika vurugu, Shirima alipigwa tumboni na Waitara ubavuni,”alisema Andengenye.
Kwa mujibu wa kamanda Andengenye, watu sita walijeruhiwa kwa kupigwa risasi sehemu mbali mbali za miili yao, huku polisi wawili wakijeruhiwa katika maandamano ya juzi jioni.
“Hali za polisi zinaendelea vizuri na wanapatiwa matibabu sambamba na wananchi wengine. Tunaomba amani Arusha,”alisema Andengenye.
Hata hivyo wakati polisi wakiripoti kuwauwa watu wawili, habari zilizoenea mkoani Arusha na mikoa ya jirani zinadai kwamba watu waliokufa katika mapambano hayo ni zaidi ya kumi.
Kamanda Andengenye alisema vurugu hizo zilizodumu kutwa nzima juzi na jana asubuhi, zilisababisha uharibifu mkubwa wa mali, likiwemo jengo la mfanyabiashara, Salimu Ally ambalo lilichomwa moto.
Uharibifu mwingine ulifanyika katika vituo vya polisi vya Unga Limited na Kaloleni.
“Kituo chetu cha polisi Kaloleni kimenusurika kuchomwa moto, kuna vibanda vya simu vimechomwa moto, jengo la CCM limevunjwa vioo lakini nalo, lilikuwa lichomwe moto,”alisema Kamanda Andengenye.
Katika hatua nyingine, Andegenye alitangaza kukamatwa kwa watu 49 wakiwemo viongozi wanane wa Chadema, kutokana na vurugu za maandamano ya hiari ya yaliyofanywa na chama hicho juzi.
Baadaye jana jioni watu 31 kati ya hao walifikishwa mahakamani.
Taarifa ya Andegenye ilikuja wakati kukiwa na taarifa za kusakwa viongozi wa Chadema mkoa wa Arusha kutokana na vurugu hizo.
Mwenyekiti wa chama hicho mkoa wa Arusha, Samson Mwigamba, alithibitisha jana kusakwa na polisi na viongozi wenzake kadhaa.
“Mimi na wenzangu wanatutafuta tangu jana usiku…imebidi kujificha ili kuwezesha masuala ya dhamana ya viongozi wa kitaifa,”alisema Mwigamba.
Viongozi hao, wanatuhumiwa kutoa kauli za uchochezi katika mkutano wa hadhara uliofanyika viwanja vya NMC juzi.
Habari hii imeandaliwa na Mussa Juma na Moses Mashala, Arusha na Felix Mwagara na kuletwa kwenu na Aloyce kalunde, ikiwa imechotwa nzimanzima kama ilivyo kutoka:
Source: http://dullonet.com/2011/01/07/igp-mwema-akiri-polisi-wake-kuua-kwa-risasi-arusha/on 07thjanuary,2011.

Wednesday, January 5, 2011

TIPS FOR AN EFFECTIVE ADVERTISING CAMPAIGN.

By Mabisi Yusuph.
The goal of advertising is to cost-effectively reach a large audience and attract customers. If done correctly, advertising can enhance the success of your business. Here are 10 advertising tips to pay attention to:
Go after your target audience. An advertising campaign should be geared to your niche market. It is a common mistake to create generic ads that do not speak the language or grab the attention of your potential customers
Highlight your competitive advantage. One of the keys to all advertising is to accentuate the pros of your company, those factors that give you your competitive edge. Too many ads are clever but fail to sell the benefits of the product or service.
Establish an image. You can recognize the McDonald's arches while whizzing by on the highway. Likewise, there are plenty of products that you recognize by their packaging or logo. Image counts when it comes to advertising and promoting your business. Too many advertisers do not work to build a consistent image.
You have to spend money to make money. There are ways to save money, but typically advertising is not the place to cut corners. It will affect sales, and that affects the bottom line. Successful advertising may cost some money, but that is because it works
Advertise in the right places. Your favorite magazine, radio station, or even television program might not be a favorite of your audience. Know what they read, watch, and listen to, and advertise in media that reaches your target market.
Don't allow your budget to run your advertising campaign. If you budget $5,000 per month for advertising, you've made it very easy from a bookkeeping perspective. However, if like most businesses you have seasonal highs and lows, you are spending too much money advertising during down times and not enough when you want to attract customers. Too many entrepreneurs do not budget according to their seasonal advertising needs.
Diversify. It is all too common for business owners to choose the best place to advertise based on price and potential rate of returns and then stop. As is the case with investing, you do not want to put all of your eggs in one basket. Spread your advertising dollars around.
Don't try to be everything to everyone. No product or service will appeal to everyone. Many business owners, including corporate executives, try to come up with ways to reach every market. Typically, this does not work. It can spell disaster for small businesses, who cannot afford to spread themselves too thin. Therefore, find your market and be everything you can be to that audience.
Test your ads in advance. If you have the time or money to invest in focus groups, you should test your ads on other people. Do they understand and accept the message that you are trying to convey? For further information, read Focus Groups: How They Can Work for Your Small Business. There are other less-expensive ways to test your ads as well: questionnaires, for example. The article Creating Questionnaires for Gathering Market Research can be helpful.
Monitor your ads. It is very easy to ask new customers or clients where they heard about you. As simple as this is, many entrepreneurs do not bother to do so. It is advantageous to know which ads generate.

Sunday, January 2, 2011

A JOURNEY INTO THE WORLD OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY



Designed and brought 4u By
Aloyce John Kalunde
+255 783700083


Understand a Computer
  1. A computer is a machine.
  2. A computer has electronic property.
  3. A computer accepts, processes and stores data.
  4. A computer performs tasks automatically.
  5. A computer is intended to give out useful outcomes (information).

So, what is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic machine which accepts, processes and stores data automatically following some instructions to give useful output.

Important Concepts
The following five concepts are important for the beginner to understand at the beginning of the course
  1.  software
  2.  Hardware
  3.  Information Technology (IT)
  4.  The server computer
  5.  The client/terminal computer

Hardware is a physical part of the computer system.  It is any computer accessory you can see, touch and feel.
Software is a set of instructions which tells the computer how to do things. Software is also called a program.
Information Technology (IT) manages the technology and computer infrastructure that drives an organization's computer-based business systems.
The Server Computer, A computer or device on a network that manages network resources is a SERVER. For example, a file server is a computer and storage device dedicated to storing files. Any user on the network can store files on the server.
Concepts: The Client/Terminal Computer
               i.                  Intelligent Terminal is a computer in the network with built-in processing capability but no local disk or tape storage.
             ii.                  A dumb terminal is a computer in the network, which is only a communication device with another computer.
Questions
  1. What is meant by the term ‘software’?
  2. What does it mean by ‘hardware’? Give some examples of hardware.
  3. What is IT short for?
  4. What does the term IT mean?
  5. Differentiate Server and Client computers
  6. Define computer

Types of Computers
There are five (5) Main Types of Computers
The main types of computers are classified in the following categories:
                     i.            Minicomputer
                   ii.            Super computer
                  iii.            Personal computer
                 iv.            Laptop computer
                   v.            Palmtop computer

1. The Mainframe Computer offers the ultimate processing power and storage capability.
  1. Is the most bulky one (very big in size)
  2. Is the most expensive computer
  3. Has the largest memory capacity and the highest processing speed of information
  4. Is used in large scale organization to process a bulk of information.
The Minicomputer is smaller than Mainframe Computers. Its functions is almost as the same as the Mainframe computer
Minicomputers have the following properties:
                     i.            Very powerful and expensive
                   ii.            Used in medium scale organizations where it is too expensive to use mainframe computer
2. The Super Computer is a computer that leads the world in terms of accuracy, particularly speed and precision. Super computers are used in Military and Research institutions with the following characteristics:
                     i.            Very Accurate
                   ii.            High processing speed
3. The Personal Computer (PC) this is a computer that is small enough to fit on a desktop and the least expensive enough to be bought by an individual for personal use.
4. The Laptop Computer is a small-size PC that can use battery power and be carried around. Is a portable computer, briefcase size. It is used by people in the move, such as sales representatives and business travelers. As the ‘desktop’ PC, It can suit your personal requirements.
                     i.            They are more expensive than desktop PCs
                   ii.            They are able to operate in low power consumption.
5. The Palmtop Computer (PC)
                     i.            Are even smaller than Laptops
                   ii.            Are used in mobile business and social activities

Computer System Components
Computer Hardware
This is a physical part of the computer system. Its Hardware is grouped into four (4) categories, namely:
                     i.            Input Devices.
                   ii.            Central Processing Unit (CPU).
                  iii.            Storage Devices.
                 iv.            Output Devices.

1. Input Device is any machine that feeds data into a computer. For example, a keyboard is the most popular input device. Input devices other than the keyboard are sometimes called alternate input devices. Mice, trackballs, and light pens are all alternate input devices.

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) is referred to as the brains of a computer. It contains two (2) basic components:
i. Control Unit (CU)- instructs the rest of the computer system on how to follow a program instructions
ii. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) –performs both Arithmetic and Logical operations.
NB: The speed of the CPU (processor) is measured in Hertz (Hz) unit.

3. Output Devices displays the processed information to the user (shows what is going inside the computer to the outside) examples of them are; Monitor, Printer, and Speakers
Output Devices:
The Monitor, Most desktop computers use a monitor with a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) and most notebooks use a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitor. To get the full benefit of today's software with full color graphics and animation, computers need a color monitor with a display or graphics card.
The Printer takes the information from your computer and transfers it to paper or a hard copy. There are many different types of printers with various levels of quality. The three basic types of printer are; dot matrix, inkjet, and laser. Dot matrix printers work like a typewriter transferring ink from a ribbon to paper with a series or 'matrix' of tiny pins. Ink jet printers, work like dot matrix printers but fires a stream of ink from a cartridge directly onto the paper. Laser printers use the same technology as a photocopier using heat to transfer toner onto paper
Storage Devices, They are grouped into two types namely:
(a) Temporary (Primary) Memory, for instance, RAM (Random Access Memory)
                     i.             where information to be processed is held
                   ii.            Instructions on how to process that information is also held
NB: anything store in RAM will be lost when the power is turned off.
(b) Permanent (Secondary) Storage Devices Store information permanently for future use. The most popular Permanent Storage Devices are the Hard Disks (internal and external), compact disks (CDs), floppy diskettes, removable disks (flash disks, tape drives etc.

Types of Computer Memory
1)      RAM
                                 i.            Random Access Memory
                               ii.            The main working memory of the computer
                              iii.            Measured in Megabytes
2)      ROM
                                 i.            Read Only Memory
                               ii.            Contents are ‘hard wired’ and cannot be altered
                              iii.            Often contains software used to get the hardware to talk to the operating system

Peripheral Devices
Computer peripherals are any electronic devices that can be hooked up to a computer other than the standard input-output devices. Peripheral devices include speakers, microphones, printers, scanners, digital cameras, plotters, and modems.  Peripherals often require special software packages called "drivers". These drivers are usually included with the peripheral at purchase time.
Computer Performance
Factors Which Impact on a Computer’s Performance ARE
                                 i.            The higher the processor speed, the faster the computer
                               ii.            As a rule the more memory you have (RAM), the faster the PC will appear to operate
                              iii.            The more programs which are running at the same time, the slower each one will run
                             iv.            The lower the hard disk size, the slower the computer
Measuring Computer Storage Capacity
A Bit: All computers work on a binary numbering system, i.e. they process data in one's or zero's. This 1 or 0 level of storage is called a bit
A Byte: A byte consists of eight bits
A Kilobyte: A kilobyte (KB) consists of 1024 bytes, approx 1,000 bytes
A Megabyte: A megabyte (MB) consists of 1024 kilobytes approx 1,000,000 bytes
A Gigabyte: A gigabyte (GB) consists of 1024 megabytes approx 1,000,000,000 bytes
A Terabyte: A terabyte (TB) consists of approx 1,000,000,000,000 bytes
Storage Capacity Measurement
                              iii.            1 Byte              = 8Bits
                             iv.            1 Character        = 1Byte
                               v.            1 Kilobyte (KB)   = 1024 Bytes
                             vi.            1Kilobyte            = 1024 Character
                            vii.            1Megabytes (MB) = 1024KB
                          viii.            1Gigabytes (GB)   = 1024MB
                             ix.            1Terabytes (TB)    = 1024GB
                               x.            1Petabytes (PB)    = 1024 Terabytes

Computer Software Is a set of instructions which tells computer how to do things.

Operating System
                                 i.            Required to make the computer work
                               ii.            Translates between humans and the computer hardware

Applications Software such as a word-processor, spreadsheet or database
Operating System Software
An operating system is the link between you and the hardware/software
                                 i.            DOS
                               ii.            Windows 3
                              iii.            Windows 95
                             iv.            Windows 98
                               v.            Windows Millennium
                             vi.            Windows NT
                            vii.            Windows 2000
                          viii.            Windows XP
                             ix.            Others Operating systems(non-microsoft) are Macintosh and  Linux family including RedHat, Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora etc

Friday, December 17, 2010

STREET CHILDREN IN MWANZA CITY.

By, K, Aloyce.

Street children are increasing day after a day, the causes for them to be high in Mwanza city are due to social and economic aspects such as poverty, urbanization, sickness, divorce, peer pressures, family conflicts, and lack of governmental care for the non- able people in the society. As it is examined briefly bellow here as follows.
Poverty, however the buffaloes of poverty knock the children away from their families due to the fact that, according to United Nations Development program (UNDP) report, Tanzania is the 4th poorest Country from the bottom in the world. So, children tend to escape the life in their families moving into streets expecting to get relief from their families’ hard life. Hence this habit has produced a lot of street children in Mwanza city.

Divorce, this is a second factor where by it has been proved that in every  ten (10) street children, six (6) of them came to live in streets because they found it to be more peaceful than living with their step parents,  in their blended families where they lack a genuine parental care. That is why the number of children continues increasing almost every day.

Death & diseases, High mortality rate caused by incurable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, has been another caused of the influx of Street children in Mwanza City.
A quite large number of children who are currently moving into street run away from their guardian’s families to escape harsh treatment from the members of their guardian’s families after they have lost their parents.
Peer pressures, in some cases, children find it difficult to resist the influence from other children of their age who are in streets. Already so some of the street children originate from good and rich ferrules regardless their difficult life in streets. Most of these children are disobedient to their strict parents so they run away from their families to seek freedom of life styles for instance taking alcohol and smoking. 
Family conflicts, un maintained large families lead to the destruction  of the pillars of  a family hence alcohol distraction and lack of peace in the family accelerate children to find a helping hand, love and peace in street. Parents of children have to be careful in their families so as to avoid unnecessary conflicts.
Urbanization, Since Mwanza is the backbone of the Tanzania’s economy because of its rich in natural resources and it’s high population, there is a rapid movement of children from rural areas to Mwanza Urban centers to search for wages and other related tasks so that they can get anything to feed their stomatches.
However, street children face a lot of problems in the city, the following are some of the problems facing the street children personally in their daily life in Mwanza city.
Lack of basic needs, the homeless street children sleep along the corridors in Mwanza town. They are not sure of their food and clothes; many die of malaria and others transmitted diseases because no one cares for their health.
Drug abuse, Street children find themselves involved in the non- medical use of drugs that has always been interfering with their healthy and productive life. Some of the drugs used by these children include cocaine, marijuana, heroin and petrol, as illegal drugs and alcohol, tobacco, inhalants and prescription drugs as legal drugs. Children often have a sense of invulnerability on drugs regardless their age or sex claiming to get energy or help them relax. Children use drugs to seek relief of the stress of life in streets because they have no hope for their future and sometimes they fail to get food and tend to eat in damps, Regardless of why children abuse drugs, many continue the practice because they become dependants (addicted) on drugs.
Homo sexuality, in street it is common for an elder street boy to play fornication with another young boy whom they call “Their wives” Other children (boys) under this immoral practice have decided to make it a business with adults of the same sex whom in return they give them a little amount of money or  food. Similarly young girls are being raped and some bear children unexpectedly. So some tend to throw their born children away, some abort and others get into prostitution in return for payment to save themselves and their children.
The society is affected by presence of large number of street children who cause the insecurity of people in public transport vehicles, in the streets to mention the most common.

REFERENCE
Street children around
Rufiji street
in Mwanza city.
Body sellers (sexual intercourse oriented) at Vitunguu near with
Pamba Road
, Mwanza city available on the place every day at 8:00 pm.
Miss Bora (Shangazi) near Aspen Hotel in Mwanza city.


WANAWAKE KWANZA, JE?, WANAUME.

Mwanamke yeyote aishie hapa duniani ni kiumbe dhaifu sana, akiliyake haipishani nay a motto mdogo. Ndiyo maana hata serikali za nchi nyingi zimeweka widhara ya wanawake na watoto kwa kumlinganisha mwanamke na watoto wadogo. Chakushangaza sasa hivi nchi zenye mbilikimo wa siasa na wenye mipango lukuki ya kupokonya hela za kodi za wananchi zimeamua kuwapa nafasi wanawake nyazifa za juu sana serikalini bila kuona kuwa ni hatari sana kwa taifa.

Kwaufupi ni kwamba, mwanmke ni kiube ambaye hafai kabisa hata kidogo kuendesha huduma za jamii, mfano mzuri ni wa Bwana YESU wakati anachagua mitume wake 12 hakuthubut kumchagua mwanamke kwa sababu aliona kuwa kutakuwepo na matatizo ya rushwa, tamaa a ngono, wivu, ufuska, ufisadi, na kadhalika. Hii inatukumbusha tu kuwa tumesahau tulikotoka hivyo tunahribu tunakokwenda.

Kitu kingine cha kuzingatia hapa ni Mateso aliyoyapata Samsoni yalitokana na usaliti wa mkewe ajulikanye kwa jina la Delila. Haiwezekani hata kidogo kumweka mwanamke mbele kusimamia chombo cha umma.

Kifo cha Rwanda Magere “the rock” kilisababishwa na mwanamke ambaye alijitoa mhanga kuolewa na huy shujaa, kasha kumdadisi siri zake zote na kuwaambia watu wa nyumbani kwao jinsi ya kuweza kumuua, na kweli walifanikiwa kumuua kwa kushambulia kivuli chake.

Dhambi ya asili tuliyoirithi kutoka kwa Adamu na Eva ilisababishwa na udhaifu wa mwanamke ambae ni HAWA (EVA) kukubali kula tunda walilokuwa wamekatazawa kulila na mwenyezi Mungu. Hicho ndicho kilimfanya Adamu awe kwenye wakati mgumu sana wa kujibu maswali toka kwa Mungu hadi akaanza kujikanyaga kwa kuukwepa ukweli na kumrushia mkewe kuwa “mke uliyenipa ndiye kaniletea hilo tunda  na ndipo tukalaaniwa na sisi ambao hatujashiliki kulila hilo tunda na hatujui linafananaje.

Je, ni wangapi wanaopoteza mwelekeo wa maisha kwa sababu ya mwanamke? Je, ni mambo mangapi yameharibika hapa duniani kwa kusababishwa na mwanamke? Ni mengi na hayana maelezo mafupi. Kwa sababu hata kuenea kwa ukimwi kunasababishwa hasa na watoto wa kike kwa kuvaa nguo zenye kuleta matamanio yaani ziko fupi sana na zenye kubana maumbile kupita kipimo.

Mwisho msomaji napenda nikuambie kuwa, ukikuta serikali yoyote imeegemea sana kuwapa nafasi za juu wanawake ujue ni serikali ya kifisadi na maamuzi yake huwa yanategemea sana mwamke nyumbani kasema nini. Ni serikali yenye viomgozi ambao ni mbilikimo wa fikra za kulipeleka Taifa pazuri. Ni serikali yenye kuingia mikataba mibovu na yenye kusimama kusimamia kesi na kuishia kushindwa huku ikihukumiwa kulipa mabilioni ya fedha. Ni serikali ya watu masikini wa akili wasioweza kufanya mambo yao wenyewe bila kuomba misaada. Serikali za aina hizi ni za nchi za Afrika.

Sunday, December 12, 2010

KARUGENDO NAKUKUBALI

UKIMWI: Uaminifu huvunjika mara nyingi kuliko kondomu zinavyopasuka!

BAADA ya Baba Mtakatifu kubadilisha msimamo wake juu ya matumizi ya kondomu, wasomaji wangu wameniomba niandike makala juu ya msimamo mpya wa Baba Mtakatifu. 
Nafikiri sina jipya; maana mimi msimamo wangu bado ni ule ule. Nilisema ni suala la wakati, na sasa bahati nzuri wakati umetimia mapema tukiwa bado hai na tumeweza kushuhudia!
Lakini Askofu Methodius Kilaini anataka tuamini kwamba Baba Mtakatifu alinukuliwa vibaya. Hayo ni matatizo yake binafsi! Baba Mtakatifu amenena na  dunia imemsikia! Nami narudia kusema yale yale niliyoyasema miaka mitano iliyopita….
Ni ukweli usiopingika kwamba maadili ya ngono yalikuwapo kabla ya ukimwi. Hata hivyo maadili haya hayakutusaidia kuukwepa ukimwi; kwa kuwa watu waliyakaidi kwa sababu kadhaa.
Kwa kuangalia hali halisi ilivyo sasa, inaelekea kwamba watu wataendelea kuyakaidi maadili ya ngono mpaka hapo sababu zinazowafanya kuyakaidi zitakapoondoka. Kanuni ya u-Machiavelli inatawala leo kuliko kanuni nyingine yoyote kadri maadili ya ngono yanavyohusika!
 Ziko sababu kadhaa zinazowafanya watu kuwa wafuasi wa Machiavelli. Kwa kuangalia mitindo na maisha ya watu kingono, ziko sababu kama saba hivi zinazowasukuma kuabudu itikadi hiyo. Nitajaribu kuorodhesha kwa ufupi.
Mtindo wa kwanza unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu tu ni anasa. Kila  mlango wa fahamu tulionao wanadamu unatupa anasa kwa namna fulani. Kunusa manukato, kuonja asali, kutazama sinema, kusikiliza muziki, na kufurahia mwanga wa jua la asubuhi kwa kutumia neva zilizo kwenye ngozi ya miili yetu, zote ni anasa za mwili.
Anasa ya ngono inapatikana kupitia neva za ngozi ya mwili, na kwa njia ya mzunguko kupitia milango mingine yote ya fahamu. Uhusiano wa kingono hapa ni wa muda tu. Kama zilivyo anasa nyinginezo.Hakuna anasa ya kudumu!
Pamoja na ukimwi kuzagaa, mtindo huu wa maisha bado umeshika mizizi. Ni mtindo unaomgusa karibu kila mtu asiye kuwa na kasoro ya kimwili. Ili kuubadilisha mtindo huu wa maisha, panahitajika juhudi za pekee zikiambatana na ushirikishwaji, majadiliano, elimu, uwazi, imani ya kweli na maisha ya pamoja. Ni vigumu kuubadilisha mtindo huu wa maisha kwa kuukemea kama wafanyavyo wenye nguvu za kukemea pepo wabaya!
Mtindo wa pili unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu wanataka kuzaa mtoto. Hawa, mara nyingi, ni wanawake ambao hulazimika kufanya ngono pale tu wanapojisikia kupata mtoto. Ni nani atahusika katika kusababisha mimba hiyo, ni suala la kuamua tu siku hiyo.
Baada ya mimba kupatikana kila mmoja anaendelea na maisha yake. Akihitajika mtoto wa pili, atatafutwa mtu mwingine kwa utaratibu huo huo. Utaratibu huu unaendelea.
Hawa, japo uhusiano wao ni wa muda, hawatatumia kondomu kama kizuia-magonjwa. Hii ni kwa sababu kondomu hiyo hiyo pia ni kizuia-mimba; wakati wao wanahitaji mimba itungwe!
Pamoja na janga la ukimwi, mtindo-maisha wa aina hii bado unaendelea kushamiri.Pia ni vigumu kuubadilisha mtindo huu wa maisha kwa kuukemea tu bila kufanya kazi ya ziada.
 Mtindo wa tatu unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu wanataka usalama wa kijamii maofisini, makanisani, mashuleni, vyuoni na hata ikulu. Kwa mfano, mwanafunzi mmoja anayeyaweza mambo kidogo darasani anaweza kujenga urafiki wa kingono na mwenzake kama namna ya kumweka karibu rafiki yake ambaye anaamini anaweza kumsaidia kusoma vizuri.
Jambo kama hili linafanyika katika biashara, kwenye siasa na maofisini kati ya wakubwa wa kazi na watu walio chini yao. Hata kwenye baraza letu la mawaziri tunasikia kwamba ngumi zinapigwa. (Kwa mfano, inasemekana kwamba mawaziri wawili wa kike walipigana kwa ajili ya kigogo wa juu katika serikali yetu). Uhusiano wa kingono hapa ni wa muda tu. Pamoja na ukimwi kushamiri, mwenendo huu unazidi kushamiri hadi leo.
Mtindo wa nne unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu tu wanatafuta kutambulika kwa wenzao kundini. Kundi laweza kuwa kikundi cha kusoma pamoja chuoni, au kikundi cha makuli, au kikundi cha wavuvi, au kikundi cha walimu katika shule fulani, au madaktari katika hospitali fulani, au hata kikundi cha vijana wa rika za kuchumbiana (courtship age).
 Hawa wa kundi la kuchumbiana wanahangaika kutafuta kuolewa na mtu ambaye amekwisha kujijenga kiuchumi. Njia pekee ambayo wamechagua ni kutoa rushwa za ngono kwa watu wengi wengi tu, mpaka hapo atakapojitokeza mwenye nia ya kuoa, lakini aliyejijenga tayari!
Kitu kimoja ambacho nimegundua hapa ni kwamba, inawezekana kabisa kuna mtu anayemzimia msichana ili kumwoa, na msichana pia anatamani kuolewa na huyo bwana. Lakini ugunduzi wangu ni kwamba, msichana huyu akishatokea kufanya ngono na mtu fulani hata kama alikuwa hampendi sana, kuliko yule wa kwanza ambaye anajifanya mwana maadili, huyu mwanamaadili anasahauliwa! Baadaye, msichana anatelekezwa. Safari hii inaendelea! Mwenendo huu unaendelea kushamiri pamoja na kwamba janga la ukimwi lipo.
Mtindo wa tano unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu wanataka kuonyeshana upendo (affection) au shukrani. Kwa kawaida kama unampenda mtu unampa zawadi. Na zawadi nzuri ni kumpa mtu kile kitu anachokipenda. Kitu kitakachomfurahisha.
Watu wengi wanapenda anasa, na hasa anasa ya ngono. Hivyo, kumpa mtu hiyo anasa ni namna ya kuonyesha upendo au shukrani. Mwenendo huu bado unaendelea pamoja na kwamba ukimwi umezagaa.
Mtindo wa sita unahusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa sababu za kimapato. Hawa hujihusisha na ngono kama tendo la mabadilishano yanayohusisha vitu kama vile  pesa, gari, kiatu kizuri, nguo za bei mbaya, au mshahara mzuri!
Mabadilishano huweza kuhusisha pesa, mali au huduma nyingine yoyote. Kinachofanyika kati ya mhudumu wa baa na mnywaji wa pombe baa ndicho hicho hicho kinachofanyika kati ya bosi ofisini na katibu wake, tangu ofisi ndogo ndogo kama vile bucha ya nyama mpaka ikulu! Ma-Sugar Daddy na ma-Sugar Mummy ni mafundi wa kutoa zawadi za magari.
Bosi ofisini huweza kumpa mtu aliye chini yake ruhusa ya kuondoka ofisini kila Ijumaa saa sita mchana, badala ya saa kumi na nusu, ili mradi tu mtu huyo awe tayari kutoa penzi kadri bosi wake anavyotaka.
Ikiwa kuna maeneo ya kupaki kwa ajili ya vigogo wa ngazi za juu kwenye kampuni, mtu wa chini, hata kama ni mfagiaji, atapata sehemu ya kuegesha gari lake ilimradi tu awe tayari kutoa anasa ya ngono kwa bosi mhusika.
Yako matukio mengi ya aina hii. Na pamoja na ukimwi, bado tabia hii inashamiri. Na kibaya zaidi makuwadi wakuu wa tabia hizi ni baba na mama zetu, wajomba na shangazi zetu, na watu wengine wa rika za kati kwenda juu, kwa kuwa hawa ndio tayari wana nyenzo za udhibiti (power resources) kwenye makampuni haya.
 Mtindo wa saba unahusisha na unapaswa kuhusisha kundi la watu wanaofanya ngono kwa utaratibu unaohusisha sababu zote nilizozitaja hapo juu. Kusudi hili liwezekane, watu hawa wanaishi pamoja kama mke na mume katika ndoa.
Kwao, penzi linapaswa kuwa ni zawadi! Kwa kawaida ukishampa mtu zawadi, iwe kalamu au nguo, ni yake. Huwezi kumnyang’anya. Vivyo hivyo ukishajitoa kwa mwenzako kama zawadi huwezi ukajinyakua na kujitoa kwa mwingine.
Kwa tafsiri ya namna hii, hawa watu wanapaswa kujenga uhusiano wa kudumu kabisa. Mtindo-maisha wa aina hii ndio “unaopigiwa debe” na viongozi wengi wa dini.
Watu katika kundi hili, kwa sababu za kimantiki, hawatarajiwi kujihusisha na ngono za kupokezana (relay sex). Lakini, kwa masikitiko makubwa kabisa, watu katika kundi hili ndio wanakata mbuga na kujiingiza katika mitindo maisha mingine iliyotajwa hapo juu. Pamoja na ukimwi, bado ukataji mbuga unaendelea asubuhi, mchana, jioni na usiku wa manane kama kawaida!
 Kwa msingi huu, nafikiri kwamba, wakati watu wanaendelea na itikadi ya u-Machiavelli, ni bora kuwasaidia kwa mbinu yoyote inayowezekana, kama vile kondomu mpaka hapo watakapouacha u-Machiavelli!
Watu wakiacha u-Machiavelli, hata kondomu zitakosa soko! Izingatiwe kwamba jambo la msingi si kuzuia matumizi ya kondomu. Jambo la msingi ni kuwaelimisha watu wabadilishe maisha yao.
Na hii si kwa kuhubiri na kutunga sheria nyingi nyingi; bali ni kwa kuyagusa maisha yenyewe kwa kushirikiana na jamii nzima.
Ziko mbinu nyingi za kuweza kuwafanya watu waache imani ya ki-Machiavelli. Lakini kwa maoni yangu, mahali pa kuanzia ni kutokomeza itikadi mbovu ya mfumo dume (patriarchy)!
Kanisa Katoliki ni kinara wa mfumo dume. Limechangia kiasi kikubwa kuendeleza na kuutukuza mfumo dume. Linaishi na kutenda kana kwamba wanawake si watu!
Uongozi wote, maamuzi yote ya kanisa hata na maamuzi yanayowahusu wanawake moja kwa moja, kama uzazi wa mpango,utoaji mamba yanaamuliwa na wanaume.
Mfumo dume ni hatari kubwa katika vita ya kupambana na UKIMWI, kama Kanisa Katoliki linataka kutoa mchango wake katika vita hii ni lazima liupige vita mfumo dume. Ni vigumu watu kuupiga vita mfumo dume wakati wanaoana viongozi wao wa kiroho wanaukumbatia mfumo huu wa kinyanyasaji.
 
Mitindo-maisha hii yote inafanana katika jambo moja kubwa: ngono za kupokezana (relay sex) ambapo mwanamke ni kama mawimbi ya sauti ambayo huruka toka mnara mmoja hadi mwingine! Hii imekuwa ni kanuni ya maisha ya wanawake wengi leo, na hasa wale wa maofisini.
Kwa sababu ya itikadi hii mbovu, siasa za kijinsia (sexual politics) zinatawaliwa na wanaume. Hii inatokana na nguvu za kiuchumi walizonazo kwa msaada wa mfumo dume. Kutokana na itikadi ya mfumo dume, nyenzo za udhibiti kiuchumi (economic power resources) ziko mikononi mwao.
Nyenzo hizi ziko mikononi mwao kutokana na itikadi mbovu ya kutukuza mfumo dume. Kwa upande mwingine, wanawake wanazo nyenzo za udhibiti wa kingono (sexual power resources)! Hizi nyenzo wanapewa kwa msingi wa maumbile yao.
Katika mazingira haya ambapo itikadi mbovu ya mfumo dume imemfanya mwanamume kuwa na nguvu za kiuchumi, lakini ikamwacha mwanamke akiwa ametelekezwa, japo anazo nyenzo za udhibiti kijinsia, sasa mwanamke anajikomboa kupitia nyuma ya pazia! 
Kinachotokea sasa hivi ni kama kuna sumaku mbili zinazovutana: sumaku ya kiume yenye nguvu za kiuchumi, na sumaku ya kike yenye nguvu za kingono. Mwanamme anapata anasa ya ngono, mwanamke anapata anasa ya ngono na gawio la kiuchumi kidogo.
Itikadi ya mfumo dume imekuwa na athari kubwa kwa sasa, kiasi kwamba kila mwanamke anataka kuuza “huduma ya ngono” kwa sababu ni njia ya haraka ya kujikomboa.
Hata wale waliobahatiwa kupata elimu nzuri kabisa, bado akili yao imenasa katika tope hili la mfumo-dume. Bado wanatumia miili yao kama ngazi, badala ya kutumia akili na maarifa yao waliyoyapata.
Na kibaya zaidi ni kwamba, mwenendo huu unazo baraka zote za wazazi wote ambao nimewatafiti kwa njia zangu, baadhi yao wakiwa ni washauri wangu. Baadhi ya wazazi hawa ni wazee wa makanisa, wenyeviti wa mabaraza ya maparokia, maprofesa, na hata mawaziri!
Hawa hawa ni washauri wa karibu wa mapadre na maaskofu wetu. Ninapata shida kufikiri juu ya jambo hili! Nahisi kila mtu ni mnafiki leo!
Mheshimiwa Askofu Kilaini amekuja na mpya, anasema: Tuone soo! Je, tuone Soo kwa ngono tu? Mbona yako mengi. Nimeelezea juu ya mfumo dume na matatizo yake. Mbona Askofu Kilaini asiseme tuone soo  juu ya mfumo dume?
Ukimwi umeenea zaidi kwa sababu ya mfumo dume. Hivyo haitoshi kuwataka watu waone soo bila jitihada ya kubadilisha mifumo. Mambo si rahisi kama anavyoyachukulia Askofu Kilaini.
Kama uaminifu unavunjika kuliko kondomu zinavyopasuka, si ni vyema kutengeneza kondomu zilizo imara zaidi hadi kuhimiza matumizi yake hadi pale watu watakapoelemika na kujikomboa juu  ya umaana na umuhimu wa  tendo la ngono?